Archive for category Languages

Learning Spanish – Random Tips

Learning Spanish is not very hard, unless you have not been acquainted with some Latin-based language in your life (French, Italian, or even English) one way or the other.

However, learning another language takes some real work however gifted you may be. This is especially true if you are past 13 or 14 years old. According to studies, these are the maximum ages when a person has no difficulties in learning another language.

Through the years, people have accumulated some study techniques. These techniques can help any Spanish language student. We have compiled some practical questions and their answers from students and teachers respectively.

Question:
What is the best way to learn Spanish?

Answer:
Nothing beats living in a Spanish-speaking country. It is so much better if you are studying there. You can practice your language skills with just about anybody in or out of class. Today, there are also many ways of supplementing your lessons: the Internet, magazines, watching Spanish-speaking TV stations and films, language tapes, and audio books, etc.

Question:
In Spanish class, the sentences are worded like in English. But in written Spanish, the sentences sometimes seem out of order, with verbs sometimes coming first.

Answer:
Generally, it is correct to write sentences with the common word order in English. In English, variations are done for poetic effect or for questions. In Spanish, depending on which element is emphasized, ordinary statements can start with any of the three: subject, verb and object. In both languages, emphasis is also done by way of intonation. In questions, the subject almost always comes after the verb.

Question:
How do you practice your Spanish?

Answer:
First, practice at all times possible – with a classmate, a teacher, or with a friend. Reading is just as important, so try to get your hands on books and some recent magazines. One tip: try to read your materials aloud, if possible. Chat rooms are also good places to practice reading and writing with other Spanish speakers.

Question:
Any tip on better Spanish dictionaries?

Answer:
If you are starting out, a pocket dictionary is good enough. But you need to invest in a decent dictionary, a big hardcover dictionary if possible, as you go up in your class level. El Diccionario de la Lengua Española is one of the best. One tip: Make it a habit to look things up. Soak up on their Spanish definitions rather than looking up for their simple translations.

Question:
How much time do you spend studying Spanish?

Answer:
Learning a foreign language needs a regular study timetable, like a few minutes (5 to 15 minutes) a day everyday. The short daily routine keeps your interest active. Longer sessions, especially on your own and not in a class, have a tendency of making you lose your interest. Shorter periods feel like reviews and they stick better in your brain.

Question:
I understand enough Spanish to talk with people but it takes me longer to answer because I tend to think my answer in English first and translate it into Spanish. Any tip?

Answer:
Begin “thinking” in Spanish when answering. It takes a while to begin this habit, but once you develop this, your brain is forced to look for the words and thread them together. Once done, you will discover learning Spanish is not that hard after all.

Learn Indian Diversity

Each nation has its own identity and mark within the confines of its regions and territories as well as that outside the gates of its lands and water areas. But this does not hinder countries from interacting and negotiating with neighboring people and cultures. In fact this mechanism of communication and agreement has been long used in order to ensure the survival and propagation of earlier civilizations and societies. One group of people that has seen its traces across the globes are the Indians. Get a bit of learning at how Indian diversity took the world by storm.

Let’s take off those old books from the Indian shelf and venture into the past to find out how Indian natives made their way into the different parts of the world. The Romani people were mainly responsible for the emigration acts of people from India. At the turn of the eleventh century, invaders from across the central part of Asia run havoc on the nation which at that time was considered as a subcontinent. This is the historical move that led to the gradual spread of Indian Natives worldwide.

The captured Indians were sent off to Afghanistan. From here on groups started to make their way to Middle Eastern part of the world particularly to Iran where they were recognized as nomadic court magicians. Then it was Europe’s turn to house these people who at that time were tagged as Gypsies because of the misconception that they were part of the Egyptian legend. In Europe these people started to embrace religions such Islam and Christianity which they incorporated with their Hindu faith and practice.

South East Asia was another particular area wherein the native form the Indian subcontinent took their chance. It was actually triggered by expeditions and ventures due to military purposes that were facilitated by Hindu and Buddhist kings from the Southern part of India.

The part of the expeditions then began to settle within the comforts of the local areas and communities. The Chola Dynasty which hailed from South India utilized competent naval technology in order to overpower the Sumatra and Malayan Peninsula. That is why at present Bali, Indonesia is still largely influenced by the Indian culture that is has embraced for a number of centuries.

Merchants started to pour over the regions of Central Asia particularly in Persia during the middle stages of the sixteenth century and whose traces of kin have been kept for a long period that has spanned for four centuries. A colony thrived in 1610 within the cold environment of Tsardom, Russia at Astrakhan on the mouth of the Volga. Documentations state that Hindu traders roamed the streets of Moscow and St. Petersburg at the onset of the eighteenth century.
The nineteenth century saw the end of the British occupancy of the subcontinent and the transport of poor workers started towards much of the British colonies all brought about by the indenture system. Workers were brought to different places such as Mauritius, Guyana, the Caribbean, to Fiji, and parts of East Africa. The flow of emigrants continued until the twentieth century.

The Middle East then gave skilled workers from India a chance to make better ways of living during the rise of the oil industry in the 1970s. A lot of natives were brought it on contractual status due to the fact that the members of the Gulf Region did not favor policies regarding naturalization of foreign individuals.

Learning Indian is far from just knowing how to communicate with the nation’s constituents. More so, it entails having an understanding on how these people have propagated throughout history.

Learn Hindi Through Phonology

Communication can be done in so many ways. Most people prefer to perform it verbally while others converge in very unique ways of nonverbal cues and signals. Let’s focus our attention on the process of talking. It may seem like the words simply come out from our mouths but conversing in a foreign language is quite complex. It’s time to learn Hindi through phonology.

Basically phonology is the systematic employment of sound so as to relay certain meanings in any setting via spoken human language which falls under a more specific field of study called linguistics. Let’s take a look at how it is being applied in the world of Hindi. Basically, Hindi makes use of a symmetrical ten-vowel system. Like in any common phonetic setting, there are vowels having short or long length.

The Hindi vowel system follows a nasalized system. This has aroused disagreement with the English system due to the English loaned ae which is not actually nasalized. Among the four views connected with the Hindi vowel system, the concept of nasalized long vowel phonemes occurring in the final part of the word and before a voiceless stop is the one being supported by experts. Moreover, instances of nasalized short vowels and of nasalized long vowels before voiced stops are considered allophonic.

Now let’s head on to the consonants. The Hindi system has a core set of 28 consonants derived from the earlier forms of Indo-Aryan. There have been supplements that are developed to adapt to other variation of languages. Two consonants were established for internal developments in specified word-medial contexts while seven are originally located in loan words. The expressions of the seven consonants depend on factors such as status and cultural register.

Most of the native consonants come in as geminate or double in length. These consonants are always medial and followed by one of the interior vowels. Another characteristic of Hindi consonants is that it contains a four-way distinction of phonation among plosives as compared to the two-way distinction commonly observed within the English system.

The phonations consist of first, tenuis which is the counterpart of p in English as it is used in the word spin. Second is voiced as in the b of English in the word bin. Third is aspirated which can be likened to the p English in pin. The fourth is called murmured otherwise known as voiced aspirate.

The Hindi system has a stress accent which is not that significant when it comes to the English format. The concept of syllable is given utmost importance in order to have efficient identification of stress placement. A light syllable or one mora ends in a short vowel while a heavy syllable or two moras ends in a long vowel. An extra heavy syllable which has three moras ends in a long vowel and a consonant or a short vowel and a pair of consonants.

The Hindi phonology may be a very complex mechanism initially due to its foreign nature but it surely will allow you to learn and appreciate the language at a full extent. This will give you an advantage, having an extra tongue to communicate with. You can also be confident in facing the natives if one day you plan to explore the beauty of the Indian nation.

Learn Spanish Vocabulary

You did your Spanish lessons diligently for sometime now. You already have a basic comprehension of pronunciation, verb tenses, parts of speech, and even the rules in spelling. You are wondering how you can continue with the learning momentum. It is now time to meet new words and learn Spanish vocabulary.

Easy does it

In so many ways, learning and expanding your Spanish vocabulary are the easiest compared with other languages. This is because in the past, there had been a vigorous cross-fertilization, so to speak, between Latin words and phrases that made it both into the Spanish and English languages.

For a language learner, word similarities (word cognates) between one’s own tongue and that of the studied language is such a big boost. A word of caution, though: similar words can be a swear word in one country and means something completely different in another.

Similar words

There are words, of course, that mean exactly the same in both English and Spanish. One example is the word ACTUAL which means the same in London and in Madrid, although there is a difference in the placement of the stress.

There are, of course, many words that are spelled the same in English and in Spanish but have very different meanings. For instance, the word ARENA in English means a riding place or a sports complex. In Spanish, ARENA usually means something about SAND.

Prefixes

You can expand your vocabulary, too, if you take advantage of suffixes and prefixes. They are both very common in English and Spanish.

In English and in Spanish, the prefix MAL has a negative connotation. Examples in English would be MALADY, MALEVOLENT, MALFUNCTION, and MALICE.

In Spanish, the words would include MALEVOLO (malevolent), MALFORMACION (malformation) and MALVADO (malignant). They all begin with the prefix MAL.

Suffixes

Suffixes are tricky in both English and Spanish. There are two main types of suffixes in Spanish: augmentative and diminutive.

Augmentative suffixes relate to size – ARBOLETE (large tree), MUJERONA (tough woman) or PERRAZO (vicious dog). The diminutive meanwhile connotes some sense of affection like CASITA (little house), ABUELITA (dear grandmother) and GORDITO (chubby).

Current new words

Many Spanish sites provide words right from current publications read by native speakers, and are therefore deemed part of contemporary, everyday speech.

Learning Spanish by memorization is the hardest way to retain them, as well as the least fun. If you are forced to do memorization, try to do them by groups for easier recall.

Examples would be list of body parts, weather conditions terms, shopping terms, and terms used in dining and eating, perhaps. This is one way of building up your vocabulary.

The “tion” and “cion” word endings

Generally, an English word that ends in “tion” or “sion” usually has a counterpart in Spanish: invitation/invitacion, insect/insecto, occasion/occasion, information/informacion and excavation/excavacion.

Words like politician and musician becomes POLITICO and MUSICO. Note that there are also many similarities between words in Spanish and roots or synonyms in English.
PENSAR means to consider. The English word, pensive, also means thoughtfully considering something.

All in all, learning Spanish vocabulary and expanding yours is the better part in learning Spanish. The reason is simply because it is fun.

Learn Indian Dining Etiquette and Manners

Did you know that you can get literally frowned upon if you take the first bite ahead of older people in Indian dining? And that’s not the only unwritten rule when it comes to Indian dining. That’s why it’s important to learn Indian table etiquette and manners.

First rule: dress properly. Unlike in many western countries, you should NOT feel free to dress scantily when dining in India with the locals. Though almost any kind and style of clothing is allowed nowadays, it is still best to wear modest and non-revealing clothes so as not to offend anyone on the table.

Wash your hands thoroughly before eating. This is one thing that hand soap ads have been telling us since time immemorial. And you better obey it in India (along with trimming your fingernails as it is considered unhygienic). That’s because you would most probably hold your food during the meal. Breads and other finger foods are common fare in Indian cuisine. But those aren’t just the ones that you might need to eat with your hands—there’s also rice. Where people from spoon-and-fork societies find it very difficult to eat rice this way, Indians do so comfortably and efficiently.

Actually, North Indians have been using eating utensils since the 16th century because of the Roman influence. But majority of Indians would eat with their hands not only because they eat finger foods, but also because they believe that food is divine and eating is a sensual experience one should enjoy. One should not only see, smell, and taste what they eat, but also should hold and feel it. But of course, this rule gives an exception to soups and liquid dishes. Utensils should also be used to cook and distribute food.

Another important point to remember is that you should never handle food with your left hand. The left hand is considered dirty and should not touch anything that you’d be taking. This is why drinking vessels are placed to the left of the plate.

Now, if you come from a country where people share their food with anyone on the table by transferring food from their plate to another person’s, you better remember that it isn’t done in India. Indians believe in the concept of “jutha” (also known in different parts of India as “ushtha,” “engili,” “aitha” and “echal”). Jutha is what you have already touched, placed in your mouth, or placed in your plate. It is considered unclean and is therefore rude and unhygienic to be offered to another person. It any case, it may be eaten by an immediate family member or fed to animals.

Sitting around the table also has its rules. Don’t sit just anywhere you like, especially if you’re a guest. Wait to be told where your seat is, and then wait for the elders and those of higher status (socially and politically) to be seated before you do.

As with other countries’ etiquette and customs, Indian dining manners are traditional practices that may or may not have logical bases. So as time passes by, it’s inevitable that more and more people would find some of these practices quite too old to be followed if not unnecessary.

This, however, doesn’t mean it would do you no good to learn Indian customs and traditions as such. Why? Simply because it’s always better to know especially about customary practices that are part of the natives’ daily life. This way, you also get to avoid both offending Indians and getting offended yourself.

Learn Hindi From Its Counterpart

Throughout the ages man has been very flexible when it comes to the adaptation stage of his existence. Time and again, the human race has thrived because of its ability to come up with varying forms of technological innovations and communication schemes. These schemes have come to survive the changing time and up to now have continually influenced the direction of their specific locality or region. Let’s take a look at one of the closest counterpart of Hindi and learn from its creative mechanisms.

Within the terms of spoken communication, the concepts surrounding Urdu and Hindi are derived from dialects of a solitary language, which means that they belong within the same diasystem. Although this may be the case, the pair has differences in terms of literary and formal vocabulary. The literary aspect of Urdu is mainly based on Persian and Arabic backgrounds while Hindi gets most of the literary influence from Sanskrit and at a lesser form of Prakrit. The Prakritic basis is what connects the two together as they share similarities in areas of grammar and base vocabulary.

Another aspect of the Indian communication that links both Hindi and Urdu together is termed as Hindustani. It is highly regarded as the dominant language with the northern and western areas of the Indian subcontinent. At present times, it has also reached the acceptance of the urban public. Hindustani shares a common bond with the likes of Urdu, regional Hindi, and Sanskritized Hindi that is why it is more preferred as a vernacular as compared to highly Persianized and Arabicized Urdu and highly Sanskrtized Hindi.

Now let’s get a move on and dig deeper into the circles of Urdu. The Urdu vocabulary actually originated from Turkic, Persian, Sanskrit, and Arabic backgrounds but in its existence in the modern world English has played a huge role in its proliferation.

Moreover, Urdu was primarily developed in western Uttar Pradesh, India, which is considered as the center of Hindustani languages within the Indian subcontinent. It then began to take more influential roles during the time of the Delhi Sultanate going on to the Mughal Empire in South Asia. After a long run, it has now became the leading communication tool between various constituents of provinces and localities in Pakistan. After a large chunk of Afghans have made their way into the Pakistani border they too have found reliance in the utilization of Urdu.

There are four regarded dialects that wave the flag of the Urdu language. These are Dakhni, Pinjari, Modern Vernacular Urdu, and Rekhta. Dakhni is basically used by people found within the Deccan region of south India. It is known as having a mix of vocabulary from Marathi and Telugu language. It has also basis from Arabic, Turkish, and Persian vocabularies. Furthermore Dakhni is very evident in parts of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka.

Learning is not only obtained by tapping on similar resources. This can be backed up by the fact that Hindi can be really learned by looking at the concepts that make Urdu a present-day effective communication tool. Both the difference and similarity found between the two languages can be used to catapult you into higher knowledge.

Understanding Sign Language

How do deaf people communicate? Through sign language, of course, which is a language that uses signs or patterns that can be recognized visually. Messages are conveyed not only through hands, but also with the use of other body parts like arms or body and facial expressions. When learning or understanding sign language, facial expressions complement or negate the conversation. It could add additional meaning to the conversation.

Most of us think that just because a person is deaf, he is automatically knowledgeable or would develop knowledge in sign language. There are hundreds of different sign languages and not all deaf people know all of them. There is what we call the “deaf culture.” Deaf culture is how deaf people are influenced socially, communally and creatively by a sign language. For example, the American sign language is different from the Britain sign language. This means that they would also have different grammar rules and signs.

In some deaf culture, it is preferred that one acts out rather than finger spelling it. in finger spelling, each letter of the English alphabet has a corresponding hand shape. There are some words which are needed to be finger spelled, while there are other words that are preferred to be used with signing. For example in some sign languages, using two hands when signing a number is important, while in the American sign language, you can use just one hand. Aside from the different signs, they would have also have different grammar rules.

If you are really keen and serious about learning sign language and having deaf friends, then you would have to be prepared. Deaf communities are very tightly knit. You would have be patient, humble and persistent to let them know that you are really interested in learning their language and culture and nothing else. You would also have to be conscious on how you address them, most would prefer being called deaf or hard on hearing rather than hearing -impaired, deaf-mute or anything close to this. Deaf communities find this offensive.

If you want to learn sign language, then there are classes that you check. You could also get involved in activities of deaf friends. You need to get a good teacher. It is actually difficult to get a good teacher. Some would say that getting a deaf teacher is better than getting somebody who can still use his tongue. Remarkably, there are also online centers that offer classes. You would just need to have solid internet connection and at the same time follow the instructions stated from their deaf teachers.

If you are in the process of learning a sign language, avoid making up signs. Sign languages are recognized in different countries. If you cannot think or remember the sign for the word, then ask somebody about it like a deaf friend or an authorized sign language interpreter. If nobody is around, then fingerspell it. Do not assume that every deaf person that you will see will be enthusiastic in teaching you how to use their language. You would have to show your sincerity in the interest of learning their language. Aside from that, avoid staring into deaf people when they are communicating with their family, friends or acquaintances.

Most importantly, we have to remember that deaf only have problems with their auditory part of the body. It is incorrect to think that because they could not hear, their intellectual capacity is also suffering the same faith. Since sign languages use different grammar rules, most of the deaf are having problems with writing. But just because their writing is inferior is does not mean that they are of less intelligence.

Learn Spanish Quickly

For some people, learning Spanish or any other foreign language can be quite easy, while others may exhibit difficulties in the pronunciation, grammar, or just remembering the Spanish words. As a beginner, how can we learn Spanish fast? Fast does not mean that understanding and speaking Spanish would come overnight. Learning a foreign language would take time, but there are steps which can help us learn quicker.

- Learning and Making Mistakes

Everybody starts with the basics. You could start by reading self-study books, buying language-learning software or getting a tutor or a friend who could teach you the basics. Get a Spanish dictionary. This would be able to help whenever trying different methods of immersing yourself in the Spanish culture. Don’t get overexcited and start remembering about 30,000 words in Spanish. Keep in mind what words are commonly used and stick to conversational Spanish at first. Once you already know the basic, then you can proceed to intermediate level.

Make mistakes. People are afraid of making mistakes but mistakes make you a better person. You learn from it. The same goes with language-learning. Language teachers would say that committing mistakes would show that you are indeed putting some effort into learning. You make mistakes in Spanish because you are participating in activities like conversation or writing. When conversing with a local or native Spanish speaker, they would often appreciate a person who tries to speak Spanish even with a lot of mistakes.

- Stay Motivated and Consistent

Some people would give up after a few weeks or months into the language-learning program. They may cite different reasons like conflict with work or family. This may also be a common problem with those who are self-studying, especially if they lack self-discipline. When learning a foreign language, being consistent is a major problem. Some would say that they are just doing it for fun and nothing else.

You could motivate yourself by taking you next vacation in a Spanish-speaking country or location. Or, promotion could even be a motivation. Being bilingual is a big plus for those who are looking for better career opportunities. Spanish is one of the major languages, with almost 400 million speakers around the globe.

- Learn the Culture

Learning a foreign language also means that you are learning a part of the culture of that country. To better understand the language, culture immersion is important. Watch Spanish movies and telenovelas (dramas), listen to Spanish songs, dance to their music, read their newspapers and books. You could even treat yourself to a Spanish dinner and practice with the menu.

- Get a Spanish-speaking Friend

Nothing beats getting a native-speaker to help you out. You could get a neighbour or a fellow worker who is Spanish-speaking to help you out practice you Spanish. You could even get into a local Spanish conversation group, get into Spanish speaking chat rooms, or have a Spanish “penpal” online.

Learning Spanish is not an overnight matter. Mastering a language would take years, since language is constantly changing or dynamic. You should allow yourself to learn on your own pace, set realistic goals and appreciate your improvements.

Learn Indian Dances And Capture Magic

Since time immemorial, man’s religious devotion has been the mainspring for such art forms as music, singing, and dance. To learn Indian dances is to capture the magic of the Indian character as he venerates his gods all the way back in history.

One can even see its early origins in paintings in cave walls dating back to the 1st century.
And just like India’s huge number of languages, the Indian dance is as varied and many as the regions they came from.

Odissi

Once a temple dance, the Odissi dance from Orissa is regarded as one of the most important contributions to Indian culture. It is said that the dance is full of grace, poise and magic and that every step is like poetry in motion.

The main theme of the dance is primarily the enactment of love between Lord Krishna and Radha. Much of the magic is done by the “mudras” or the hand movements where one cannot take his eyes off from such grace and fluency of movement.

Chau

Aside from Odissi, there are many dance forms in Orissa, most of which are tribal and folk dances. The main folk dance is the Chau dance.

The dance is all about combat and fighting, with enacted scenes taken from the religio-literary epics Mahabharata and Ramayana. It has very quick foot and hand movements, although the overall grace is never compromised.

Ruf

Dances from Jammu and Kashmir are legendary for their beauty. They have special dances for all occasions like births, weddings, harvests, etc. Ruf is the most famous dance performed as a welcome for spring. The inspiration is the bee and the dance is the lovemaking of bees.

Bachha Nagma

This is danced by boys (or men dressed as boys) usually for marriage ceremonies. The dancers do not only dance but sing the music as well.

Dandaras

This is done mostly on Lori festival, and this dance needs highly skilled dancers. A model peacock made of bamboo and paper is used as props and is a part of the choreography with the hitting of sticks, among others.

Ladishah

Actually, this is a form of singing. Entertaining songs are sung reflecting the present social and political conditions in the village. The singers go from village to village during harvest season and compose on the spot the songs appropriate to the village.

Bhangra

This famous dance from Punjab to welcome spring is sometimes called the dance of beats. Today, the songs sung along with the dance are now fused with hip hop or reggae music.

Giddha

This all-women dance is preformed usually on festivals or marriages, depicting the different phases of life in a Punjabi woman.

Kikli

Kikli combines dance and game, and is very popular with young women. Essentially, this dance is combined with singing songs about family and life in general.

Karma Dance

This dance is performed by Gond and Oraon tribes during the start and end of the rainy seasons.

Muria

This is performed by boys and girls of the tribe with the accompaniment of drums. Usually they performed the dance during marriage ceremonies.

Kaksar

The dance is done to please the gods and get his blessings for a rich harvest. Boys and girls take part in this dance with a very soothing music. The kids sometimes choose their lifetime partners during the dances and their later marriage as adults is duly approved by everyone.

All in all, you can learn a nation’s soul through its arts. Learning Indian dances is capturing the magic of the Indian persona as expressed through the dances.

Learn Hindi for Free

No matter where you are, you could always learn Hindi at your own pace for free if you would be more strategic in doing so. There are currently numerous online language learning tools that offer and facilitate free Hindi language learning. You might also have Hindi-speaking friends who would be willing to help you know more about the language. Certainly, you need not spend some dollars just to know and learn Hindi.

Here are practical ways on how you could learn Hindi for free. Take note that these measures are intended for individuals who are eager to learn the language but who may not have sufficient resources to use in the initiative.

1. Set your goals.

You could not possibly proceed to knowing and learning Hindi without being fully ready and conditioned for it. Just like in taking and doing other activities, it surely helps if you have the intention and the drive to reach your goals. However, when setting goals, be realistic. Do not set goals that are logically and obviously difficult to achieve.

2. Determine the amount of time you could comfortably spend in studying the language everyday.

This is necessary after you have set goals for learning Hindi. How proficient in writing, reading, and speaking Hindi do you intend to be? Be reminded that you need to allocate more hours for learning each day if you aim to learn and master the language faster and if you want to be very proficient in it.

3. Scout the Internet for Websites that offer free online Hindi language tutorials.

Look for online sites that offer practical ways for learners to know more about Hindi. You could find online sites that offer free video and audio lessons, resourceful Hindi podcasts, and many other ways that could facilitate learning of the Indian language. Some Websites are more creative in using other strategies to teach Hindi. There are sites that run fun online games that help users learn more about Hindi alphabet, vocabulary, and basic sentence construction.

4. Maintain regular Hindi learning schedules.

You need to help yourself. When you find online sites and practical ways to learn Hindi step-by-step, be determined to allocate a few hours each day for the initiative. It would be more advisable if you would set specific hours of the day for the learning effort. Stick to that schedule no matter what.

5. Supplement your Hindi lessons by watching and enjoying free Hindi films (particularly those called ‘Bollywood’ movies).

Prefer to watch those with English and Hindi subtitles. You could find and access videos of such films online. At the same time, try listening to Hindi songs that could help improve your actual listening skills and understanding of the language.

6. Set language exchange initiatives with native speakers of Hindi.

As mentioned, you could converse with your Hindi-speaking friends or meet new acquaintances who would be wiling to spend some time helping you understand further and practice your Hindi speaking ability. You could also learn Hindi by getting into Hindi language exchanges through texting, online chatting, and emailing.